Technique · Any time nothing is rising, which is most of the time.
Nymphing
Getting a fly to the bottom and knowing when a fish has taken it.
Depth before pattern
Most nymphing failures are depth failures, not pattern failures. If you are not occasionally snagging the bottom, you are not fishing where the fish are. Add weight or lengthen the tippet until you tick bottom once every few casts, then back off by a third.
The take is a change of rhythm
With a tight-line rig, the indicator does not stop — it changes speed, twitches, or hesitates for a quarter second. Strike on any interruption in the drift's rhythm, in the direction the line is already moving, and keep the rod tip low so the hook sets in the fish's jaw rather than pulling the fly out of it.
Fish the full drift
The most common wasted opportunity in nymphing is picking up early. The last two metres of a drift, when the fly is rising off the bottom, is where the largest number of takes happen. Let the drift run until the line is directly downstream of you before you lift.
Rivers in the ledger where this applies
White River, Arkansas
Ozark foothills below Bull Shoals Dam, Arkansas, United StatesA tailwater you fish from a boat, where the generation schedule is the tide table.
brown · rainbow · cutthroat
Apr · May · Jun · Sep · Oct · NovDavidson River
Pisgah National Forest, North Carolina, United StatesThe most accessible trout water in the southern Appalachians, and surprisingly technical.
brown · rainbow
Apr · May · Sep · OctPenns Creek
Centre and Snyder Counties, Pennsylvania, United StatesWhere the Green Drake hatch is a public event and the whole valley closes for a week.
brown · brook · rainbow
Apr · May · Jun · OctLetort Spring Run
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United StatesThe hardest small stream in America, and the one that invented the terrestrial fly.
brown
Apr · May · Jun · OctFarmington River
Litchfield County, Connecticut, United StatesNew England's most reliable tailwater, with a catch-and-release TMA that fishes in January.
brown · brook · rainbow
May · Jun · Jul · Sep · OctPere Marquette River
West-central Michigan, United StatesA national-forest river where fall steelhead run on autumn rain, not on a dam schedule.
brown · steelhead · rainbow
Apr · May · Sep · Oct · Nov